"Dual structure" or crack the dilemma of China's tool industry

"In the future, China's tool industry will have to form two or three 'aircraft carrier'-type large enterprises. On the other hand, most other enterprises still have to take the 'small but special' mode. Such a 'dual structure' is conducive to the development of the industry. Zhao Bingzhen, a senior engineer at the Chengdu Tool Research Institute, pointed out in an interview with this reporter.

Foreign companies have the right to speak
“Tools and cutting technology are the basis for the development of new products and processes in the important industrial sectors of the manufacturing industry. It seems that tool manufacturers can no longer exist as manufacturers of products, and they must be able to participate in the manufacturing industry and help the manufacturing industry. Develop new products and promote industrial development." Zhao Bingzhen stressed. Most of the foreign tool giants entering the Chinese market have strong economic strength and technological development capabilities. They have large investment, many talents and advanced equipment. Their technology and product development can lead the development trend of the world's cutting technology and keep up with the development needs of the manufacturing industry. Products and development technologies are powerful specialized social resources that the manufacturing industry must rely on. Zhao Bingzhen emphasized, "More importantly, they are constantly developing new products and processes to help users improve processing efficiency. On the other hand, they also get the source of innovation from the needs of users, and the speed of innovation is very fast, like Shant. Wick Coromant launched 600 new products and new grades at a press conference last year. Indeed, foreign tool companies are committed to helping customers improve their tools by adhering to the philosophy of “serving users and solving problems for users”. How to help users innovate processes and how to help users improve efficiency and reduce costs.

In these respects, domestic companies do have some dwarfs. Zhao Bingzhen believes that “the domestic tool industry is still in the stage of being out of use and leaving the user, and there is not enough capacity to provide timely and comprehensive services for the development of the manufacturing industry. This should be regarded as a low level. Stage.” Most companies lack the core technologies of tool materials and coating technology; the degree of specialization is very low, and there is no fundamental change in the structure of the whole industry; most companies are still making high-speed steel standard products such as drills, taps and end mills. It is reported that in 2004, the production and sales volume of high-speed steel tools of domestic enterprises reached 3.1 billion yuan, the cemented carbide tools were only 450 million yuan, and the complex tools in high-speed steel tools were only 240 million yuan.

As a result, the development of the entire industry has fallen into the predicament of the right to speak by foreign companies. The demand for fast-growing domestic manufacturing is mostly met by foreign tool companies. In this way, our manufacturing industry can only follow the others step by step, and we can't talk about the independent development system, which means that the development of our manufacturing industry is always subject to people. However, the world's manufacturing powerhouse must be a strong country in cutting technology and cutting tools, and the backward tool industry cannot produce a manufacturing power.

Breaking domestic companies
However, we also see that even in this dilemma, some domestic companies are still trying to break through. Zhao Bingzhen believes that although the country has no obvious policy guidance for the tool industry, many enterprises actively explore and find a way out in the market competition, and strive to change the standardized production of “big, whole, small and complete” in the past, through restructuring and technology. Reform, or joint ventures, mergers and other means to actively explore the path of enterprise development.

Some enterprises seized the opportunity of localization of imported tools by users, actively adjusted product structure and carried out technological transformation. Like the Shanggong, it used the 120 million yuan national debt project to introduce advanced equipment and developed a large number of tools for the automobile industry. Hunan Zhuzhou Diamond aimed at the products of large foreign companies, with a high starting point and large investment. After the investment transformation, it has a strong Development and production capacity have improved the grade of the product. We are now developing rapidly in the manufacturing industry, which is inseparable from the support of advanced knives. Although the foreign brands are high in price, but the quality is good and the service is timely, they can meet the needs of users. Therefore, the current manufacturing enterprises often develop new technologies and new products. Have to rely on these foreign companies, especially the original tools of the new equipment are generally foreign brands. However, it is foreseeable that more companies in the country will be able to provide support for the localization of imported tools for users.

Some companies actively develop special tools for domestic manufacturing needs to improve their development capabilities. The development of the automotive industry, petroleum energy, power generation equipment, railways, etc. requires high-performance special tools. Some enterprises are self-developed for the market. Chengdu Tool Works, Chengliang Group, Ha Yigong and other enterprises are railways, bridges, oil and railways. A large number of special tools are available in the locomotive and other industries.

In addition, there have also been a few powerful companies or private enterprises that have shown great vigor and rapid development in the market competition. “Chengdu Sentai Yingge (now a joint venture) in private enterprises, heavy quality , heavy service, brand creation, the effect is very good; Zhejiang Jiaxing Hengfeng Tools Factory has done a good job in the development of complex tools, very influential in the Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas, very promising; after the Siping tool factory was converted into Siping Xinggong cutting tool factory, Constantly adjusting the product structure, we can develop special tools for the manufacturing industry, and the company is booming."

Moreover, the trend of professional development of enterprises has been strengthened. At that time, the small factories built by Haliang and Ha Yigong in the “three-line construction” were basically built according to the old factory. The whole industry has no special features, and it is out of line with demand. Now, some enterprises have begun to specialize. Turn, cultivate and give play to their technological advantages and make their own characteristics. For example, Hanjiang Tools Factory is now focusing on complex tools.

When talking about the joint venture and cooperation of enterprises, Zhao Bingzhen believes that this is an effective way to rapidly improve the strength of enterprises. At present, the joint venture between domestic tool companies and foreign companies, including several joint venture coating centers, not only enhances the strength of the company, but also accelerates the technological upgrading of the entire industry.

"These are some gratifying trends in the development of the industry, but the gap between us and foreign companies has not narrowed down." Therefore, Zhao Bingzhen also believes that the state should have some macro-policy guidance to promote the transformation of the industry and Reorganizing healthy development, after all, relying solely on the development of enterprises themselves, this gap is still difficult to make up.

"dual structure" mode
"China should learn from the experience of developed countries and build 2 to 3 'aircraft carriers' in the tool industry." For the future development of the industry, Zhao Bingzhen suggested, "And now it seems that Zhuzhou diamonds should be counted as one. This enterprise has developed very well. There is great potential in this area. The merger of Jinlu and Zigong is expected to become the second 'aircraft carrier', and there is also a job. If you can get the cemented carbide material, it is also very promising. Since it is an 'aircraft carrier', The inevitable requirement is a large-scale enterprise with strong comprehensive strength. It should have core technology of materials and coatings based on hard alloys. It can take on the responsibility of improving the overall level of China's tools, and there should be more varieties of products. More extensive."

China is a big country with tungsten resources. In this respect, the advantages should be transformed into the advantages of products and the advantages of the tool industry through the "aircraft carrier", making high-quality knives, famous brands, rather than a large number of export raw materials, giving their own advantages to others.

"Building an 'aircraft carrier' is not a one-off event. In order to shorten this construction process, we should actively strive for state support." Indeed, such a large enterprise cannot rise to the ground, and we hope that the construction of the "knife carrier" can be quickly placed. At the strategic level, the government actively coordinates and mobilizes social resources from a macro level.

“The rest of the company should take the road of specialization and become a small, specialized, large and specialized tool manufacturer. According to its own advantages, it will be specialized and strong, make characteristics, make brands, and become a manufacturing Cutting technologist." This model advocated by Zhao Bingyan undoubtedly fits the framework of the "dual structure" of the cutting tool industry in developed countries, and part of it is the "aircraft carrier". Some of them are specialized and complement each other, which promotes the development of the tool industry. From a global perspective, specialized companies and "aircraft carriers" should be equally divided.

If the Chinese tool industry can form such a “dual structure” in a relatively short period of time, then our manufacturing industry can obviously rely on its own tool technology as a support, and the dilemma of the development of the industry is also cracked. A road full of hope. However, the formation of "dual structure" undoubtedly requires the joint efforts of all parties.

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