Chinese Magnesite Industry Status and Development

Chinese Magnesite Industry Status and Development
I. History of Magnesium Product Industry Development
The 60-year development history of China's magnesite products can be divided into three stages: spontaneous production and application stages (1951-1961), extensive production and application stages (1962-1982), scientific production, and application stages. (1983 - now).
In the spontaneous production and application stage, due to the backwardness of technology, enterprises are basically trial production and trial application. In the course of extensive production and application, magnesium production enterprises in all parts of the country have gone all the way. Due to the lack of industry management, basic theoretical research has been largely blank, coupled with extensive operations, resulting in poor quality products flooding the market, and even in some engineering applications In the accident, the market quickly shrank. So far, the negative impact on the quality and reputation of magnesite products at this stage has not been completely eliminated. After entering the 1980s, the state intensified the administration and management of the industry, and the level of mechanization has also been greatly improved. In particular, the national “Seventh Five-Year” and “Eighth Five-Year” scientific and technological breakthroughs have provided research results for the scientific production of magnesite products. With the theoretical support, the magnesia industry gradually entered the track of scientific production and application.
At present, magnesite products have been developed from the initial packaging boxes, agricultural scaffolds and other primary products to more than 100 varieties. They are widely used in construction, building materials, agriculture, military industry, packaging, gardens, municipalities, machinery, transportation, Mining and other national economic construction fields.
Among them, the representative product types are: wood-replacement wood products, including magnesia plates (fireboards), decorative plates, magnesite crucibles, fire doors, building templates, etc.; construction and building materials products, including activities Houses, composite insulated roof panels, lightweight partition panels, ventilation ducts, etc.; crafts, including architectural decoration crafts, garden decoration crafts, indoor crafts ornaments, etc.; other products, including agricultural scaffolding, ditch cover, mining support series Products, inspection covers, cable trays, noise barriers on highways, tunnel fire boards, wall grilles, etc.

Second, the principle of magnesium production
From the aspect of chemical reaction mechanism, magnesite products are cementitious materials produced by lightly burning magnesia (MgO), magnesium chloride (MgCl2), and water (H2O) according to a combination of scientific formulas. The basic reaction equation is:
MgO+MgCl2·6H2O→xMgO·y MgCl2·z6H2O
Theoretical research and production practice have proved that the 5·1·8 phase (ie, generating 5MgO·MgCl2·8H2O) is a stable phase of magnesite material and is a contribution phase of the hardened material. Therefore, two basic raw materials of magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride are The matching relationship (namely the "formulation" in the industry) is very important. At the same time, the quality of magnesite products is also related to the application of additives, humidity, temperature, filling materials, processes, equipment, etc. Therefore, manufacturers must understand how to adjust the composition of magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride according to specific environmental and material requirements. And the composition of magnesium chloride and water composition method can be scientific ingredients. Magnesite Association requires companies to establish a chemical laboratory, the purpose is to enable companies to grasp the activity of magnesium oxide through the detection method, the Baume degree of magnesium chloride, and then consider the environment and other factors, in order to adjust the "formula" to provide a basis. If companies do not establish laboratories, it is impossible to produce qualified products.

Third, the common features of magnesia products

1. Has outstanding fire performance. Magnesite products are non-combustible materials with a melting point of 2270°C and fire resistance limits of up to 1-4 hours. From the viewpoint of fire resistance temperature and time, it is obviously higher than cement and even steel, and there is no harmful gas emission during the flame retardant process. All of the magnesite products can reach the highest level of fire-resistant and non-flammable (A1 grade) even if fillers such as sawdust and straw are added. Various kinds of magnesite building products (decorative panels, fireproof door core panels, lightweight partition panels, etc.) can be used to obtain valuable time for people to escape and reduce property damage in the event of a fire. Therefore, they are considered to be very With ideal fireproof materials, the export volume of products also increases year by year. In China today, the concept of fire protection for residential and public buildings is increasing. Magnesium materials have also attracted the attention of relevant departments.
2. High compressive strength. At the same density, strength is 2 to 5 times that of cement products.
3. Large bending strength. The wallboard with a density of 1.8g/cm3 was reinforced with a multilayer glass fiber cloth and the bending strength was 67MPa, while the cement board of the same type was about 17MPa.
4. Strong wear resistance. At the same density, it has 3 times higher abrasion resistance than cement products.
5. High bonding force and low PH value. The bonding strength is greater than that of Portland cement and can be bonded with wood flour and plastic foam boards. Due to the low PH value, it can be reinforced with alkali fiberglass cloth. The Portland cement must use alkali-resistant fiberglass cloth, the cost is relatively high.
6. Natural conservation, low energy consumption. Harden and consolidate at room temperature (above 10°C), no need to use thermal means for curing, so the production process is energy-saving.
7. No pollution. The product is completely free of asbestos, formaldehyde, volatile contaminants, and radioactive materials. The production process is free of "three wastes". The waste product can be naturally decomposed and there is no pollution to the environment. It is an environmentally friendly product.
IV. Magnesite fire board production and application
1. Number and production capacity of magnesium magnesia fire board production enterprises in China
Magnesite fireproof board is also called glass magnesium plate, and it is called decoration board after being processed by veneer processing. It can be directly used in interior decoration of homes, hotels and meeting places.
Magnesite fire board is the leading product of the magnesite industry. At present, the manufacturers are almost all over the country, but the distribution is uneven. According to statistics from the survey, there are more than 1,600 magnesia fire board companies registered in the industry and commerce in China. On the whole, major production companies are concentrated in the coastal areas, namely Guangdong, Fujian, Shandong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan, and Liaoning. In addition, there are a lot of manufacturers that have not registered for industry and commerce.
In 2013, the production volume of glass magnesium flats nationwide was around 600 million square meters. Due to different manufacturers' technical level, management level, scale, and production experience, the gap in product quality is relatively large.
2. Magnesia fire board performance and use
In addition to the fire-retardant properties of magnesite fireproof panels, a suitable amount of sawdust, straw, and other fillers are added during the production process. The material properties are close to that of wood-based panels, which can be nailed, sawn, planed, flexible, and have high strength. Impact resistance, waterproof, and some indicators are better than all types of wood-based panels. Therefore, magnesia decorative panels can be used for the production of closet panels, roof panels, interior wall trim panels, furniture, mobile homes, and compartment panels.
3, wood-saving materials
If the plywood of the same specification is replaced per cubic meter of glass magnesium plate (333m2/m3, 3mm thick), the wood can save 7.24 cubic meters per cubic meter of plywood, plus 3 cubic meters of wood per cubic meter of plywood produced. Each cubic meter of glass magnesium plate can save about 10 cubic meters of alternative wood (7.24 cubic meters + 3 cubic meters). Magnesite slab not only saves wood, but also can add appropriate amount of sawdust, fly ash, straw and other fillers, such as 0.3 kg of sawdust per square meter, adding 0.15 kg of crushed material.
4, the product cost-effective
Market research shows that the current production capacity of glass magnesium flat plate is constantly increasing. Under the market competition environment, the product price is becoming more transparent. Due to the high added value of magnesia decorative panels, it has shown rapid development momentum in recent years.
5. Magnesite fire board export sales
About 30% of the annual output of over 600 million square meters of products is used to fulfill export orders, mainly to the United States, Canada, Japan, South Korea, Australia, Russia, the European Union, Southeast Asia and Hong Kong, Taiwan, etc. It is increasing year by year.

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