The "instrument" refers to the artifacts and rituals used for sacrificial offerings. It later became the collective name for all utensils and tools, and it was also extended to talents, metrics, and organs. Those who are familiar with the derivation of Chinese characters all know that the tools are the most fundamental meaning of "means." Therefore, the 200 special home inspection topics in the current issue are to introduce to us the commonly used devices in our lives and how they can be used as tools in inspection and house collection. >>> What issues need to pay attention to second-hand housing decoration? 1 Shantou This tool is very important in the process of housing inspection. The purpose of this tool is as follows: In the acceptance of the main structure of newly-built houses, you can use the small hammer to gently tap the wall that has been initially painted and hear the voice of “emptyâ€. The cement mortar was not evenly filled or its amount was not enough. The internal wall surface plastering layer was cracked and sanding occurred. These conditions all indicated that the housing quality was unqualified. If you hear a dull knock, then there is no problem with quality. Judging from the circumstances of previous house collections and inspections, empty drums usually appear on both sides of the windowsill or in the middle of the wall. For empty drums, the construction party must seriously rectify. If the emptying area is less than 1.5cm x 1.5cm, the impact on the owners' decoration will not be too great. Empty drum rectification proposal: knock down the plaster layer at the empty drum, clear the grassroots, and re-level it with the same cement mortar. Clean water for 7 days to prevent it from cracking again. Additional Note: When tapping with a hoe, you can place several newspapers on the wall to avoid leaving a trail. Practicality: ★★★★★ 2 Flashlight The more glare the light, the better. The purpose is to survey the main structure of the house and see if the wall is straight and there is no part that is convex or concave. Use the flashlight against the bottom of the wall and look up. The part where the shadow appears is the problem area. And so on, all the walls can understand the basic situation. At the same time, you can also check whether there is construction waste in the flue and vent. For uneven areas on the walls, the owners can re-smooth themselves with putty during the renovation. However, in order to avoid any omissions, we must use a flashlight to carefully check whether there is a running phenomenon in the inspection. Although there are few problems in running the wall, if we can't detect the wall running in the inspection In the case of renovation, more materials and labor will be consumed for re-decorating the walls. Wall running correction suggestions: If the running part of the wall deviation is not large, you can use an angle grinder to smooth the formation. For walls with large deviations, they should be leveled by hand and then smoothed with cement mortar. Supplementary note: The best choice for emergency flashlight flashlight, not only has a strong light, but the light is not easy to diverge. Practicality: ★★★ 3 lighter In the inspection of the house, there are usually reserved holes in the exhaust passage of the kitchen and bathroom. By using a lighter, it is possible to detect whether the exhaust passage is normal. The method of use is to use fire to ignite the paper to smoke and place it about ten centimeters below the mouth of the flue to see if the smoke rises to the mouth of the flue and it is immediately bent and sucked away. If so, then there is no problem with the exhaust passage. From the current construction process, there is usually no problem with the vent, but in order to avoid blocking problems, it should be tested. Once a problem is found, the constructor must be promptly asked to carry out repairs. Additional Note: When using the fire test pipeline, everyone avoids burns when lit the paper. You can light a cigarette and put it on the vent to see if the smoke can be sucked away. Practicality: ★★★ 4 tape measure It has a great role in the inspection of the house and can be used to measure the top beam, window frames, bathroom height difference, floor height and house area. When measuring the top beam and window frame, the height of the two ends should be measured separately from the ceiling. If the error is within 0.5cm, it is within the reasonable range of the building, but if it exceeds 0.5cm, the construction part should be required to level the excess part to facilitate the decoration. When putty. The height difference between the bathroom and the living room floor should be around 2cm. The error should not be too large, otherwise it will bring some inconvenience to the decoration. Measuring the area of ​​a house using a tape measure is the most complicated. There are many owners who want to control the area of ​​their own homes when they are collecting their houses. This must be based on the floor plans in the annex to the contract. This floor plan must also have specific dimensions. For example, if the width between the living rooms is 4m, then the owner can measure the part of the living room that corresponds to the size of the house icon. The measurement data should also include half the thickness and the plaster layer on both sides of the wall. thickness. General wall thickness 24cm or 30cm, plaster thickness of about 4cm. Remarks: You can buy a 5 meter steel tape measure at a hardware store, and the price is around 5 yuan. Practicality: ★★★★ 5 electric pen When you inspect your house, you must bring a light pen or three items. The best indicator light is available. Mainly used to check the socket, you can use the electric pen or plug into the reserved outlet. The light pen or strip light is on, indicating that there is electricity. At this time, the socket switch inside the main switch box is pulled down, and the light pen or strip light is off. After frequent test several times, it can be proved that the switch, the circuit is normal, and the socket is safe. Supplementary note: When testing the socket, if the switch is pulled down, the electric pen light is still on or is still flashing, indicating that there are problems with the switch quality or the wiring is wrong and should be repaired immediately. Practicality: ★★★ 6 笤帚 Unused paint brushes, small sweepers, what use do they have? The main reason is to clean the dust at the corner between the ground and the wall. Don't underestimate the dust! After cleaning it is possible to see cracks, potholes, and even find the exposed steel bars! In the well-decorated house, after cleaning the earth's dust, look for problems such as broken floors and cracks. Buyers should remember to record the problems found and take photos for evidence. Supplementary explanation: Bring a hygiene to clean the room and keep it tidy. Practicality: ★★★★ 7 Hose Normally, water and electricity have been opened during inspections. The owner can open each faucet to check whether there is water flowing out. Use the container to hold some water and then pour it into each drainage pipe mouth to visually judge whether the drainage pipe is unobstructed. If you encounter the situation that the drainage pipe is clogged, you must find out the reason. Can replace the drain part of the plug. If the water supply is normal, the hose can come in handy. When inspecting the house, first fill the hose with water, and then place both ends of the hose in the living room and the bedroom on both sides of the floor and at opposite corners. Wait until the water in the hose is no longer shaking, mark the wall at both ends horizontally, use a tape measure to measure, if the height error at both ends is less than 0.5cm, do not affect the decoration. If the two ends or the diagonal error exceeds 0.5cm, then the flatness of the ground is very poor, and the construction party should be required to carry out rectification. Supplementary explanation: The hose used generally can be purchased in the hardware store, the length is more than 8 meters, it is better to be transparent tube, index finger-like thickness. Practicality: ★★★★ 8 Table tennis The main purpose of table tennis is to measure the slope of the bathroom floor. According to the specifications of the building design and construction, the toilet floor must have a slope and face a floor drain position. The method of using the ping-pong ball to measure the floor is to place the ping-pong ball on the door of the bathroom and the bottom of the wall. Nudge it to see if the ping-pong ball rolls to the floor drain. Judging from the actual situation, there are waterproof construction requirements for the construction of the ground, the drainage slope will meet the design requirements. The use of ping-pong to measure the slope of the ground is to avoid situations where the ground slope is too large or there is no slope. If such a problem arises, the owner should require the construction party to rectify it in time, scrape off the existing plastering layer, and re-do the waterproofing layer to carry out plastering. The slope should be towards the floor drain, and the highest point cannot exceed the floor of the living room. Supplementary explanation: In the inspection of the house, if the bathroom is in the water storage test, you can also use the table tennis test. Put the table tennis ball on the water and take a light breath to see if the table tennis ball has moved to the floor drain position. Practicality: ★★★ 9 glasses The glasses here are actually accurate to find the meaning of the problem. It is for the owners to use their eyesight to observe the ground, the distance to the ground, and the thickness of the objects. In addition to relying on tool detection, the owner is mainly judged by his own eyes during the inspection of the house. To see the problem, the problem can be solved. The roof beams, walls, and walls should be straight. Whether the cracks in the walls are serious or not, and whether the ground level has a slope (a kitchen and a bathroom must have). At the same time, we must look at the matching: the screens should be intact and push-pull without hindrance. In the process of experiencing an experience, the owner still has to look at it more closely, look carefully, and remember to keep a record of the problem. Additional Note: Buyers need to see if there is water seepage in the ceiling of the house downstairs in order to confirm whether the residential floor is impermeable. You should also pay attention to the water seepage test yourself upstairs, depending on whether there is any seepage on your roof. If such problems occur, it is necessary to find the construction party to carry out maintenance. If the inspection fails, you must not hurry to pick up the house. Practicality: ★★★★★ 10 chalk Do not underestimate chalk. This is one of the most practical tools. After discovering the above problems in the inspection of the house, the owner should use chalk to mark it in a prominent place in time so that the construction party can perform maintenance. Such as: Draw a hollow part on the wall and write empty drums. Write the missing parts around the window frame and write a short circuit next to the damaged outlet for repairs. Additional Note: While carrying chalk, the owner should also bring paper and pen to make a record of the problems found. In this way, when the housing is re-inspected, it is convenient to inquire whether the problems found during the last collection were rectified. Practicality: ★★★★★ Big "device" summary: Checking and collecting homes is a difficult process. Although these tools are small and there are no professional level meters or rangefinders, each gadget is very practical. Summarizing our experience in the acceptance of 200 houses, we can see that most of the problems identified in the inspections can be rectified, or only affect the decoration. To deal with these problems, the gadgets in life can also achieve a good home inspection effect. 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Second-hand house inspection room top ten weapon!