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First, the farmyard manure should be decomposed: greenhouse vegetables should be fully decomposed when applying farmyard manure. Because there are no pathogens and eggs in the mature farmyard fertilizer, it is easy to spread the disease after being applied to the vegetables. In addition, if the farmyard manure is placed in a greenhouse and then decomposed, ammonia burning seedlings will be produced. Therefore, the farmyard manure should be fully decomposed and then applied. The farmer's fertilizer has complete nutrient content and long-lasting fertilizer effect. After application, it can not only improve the soil of vegetable fields, but also provide a variety of nutrients for vegetables. At least 3 square meters of farmyard manure per acre.
Second, the fertilization method should be scientific and reasonable: The bottom fertilizer should be applied a week before the vegetable is planted, and it should be evenly mixed with the soil. Topdressing can be carried out in a ditch or a hole at a distance of 7-10 cm from the plant. After topdressing, it is necessary to cover the soil and water it in time. Do not spread the fertilizer directly on the ground or plants to prevent the fertilizer from volatilizing or burning vegetable seedlings. The top dressing should be carried out at the peak of the fertilizer required for vegetables and in the later stage of vegetable growth. It is best to choose it on a cloudy or evening day. Spray the fertilizer on the back of the new leaves and leaves as much as possible to facilitate the absorption of the vegetables.
Third, the application of chemical fertilizers should be appropriate: the fertilizer in the greenhouse is not easy to lose, excessive application of chemical fertilizers, can cause the increase of salt concentration in the soil, leading to soil salinization. To control nitrogen fertilizer and increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, the nitrogen fertilizer to be banned or limitedly applied is nitrate nitrogen, such as ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate and compound fertilizer containing nitrate nitrogen. In the management of greenhouse vegetables, increase the ventilation time and enhance the light intensity, which can reduce the nitrate content of vegetables. It is not advisable to apply chlorinated fertilizer, because chloride ion can reduce the starch content in vegetables, make the quality worse, and it is easy to cause soil compaction in the soil. Limited application of magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate fertilizer, because of sulfate ions, not easily absorbed by vegetables, long-term application will remain in the soil, endangering vegetable growth.
Fourth, the application of micro-fertilizer should be appropriate: Although the demand for trace element fertilizer in vegetables is small, its role in vegetable metabolism is very large, which can greatly improve the quality of vegetables. Currently used micro-fertilizers include boron, molybdenum, zinc, iron fertilizer, and the like. Micro-fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer, and can also be used for seed dressing, soaking seeds or top dressing. The range between the amount of micro-fertilizer and the excess is relatively narrow, so the dosage must be accurate to avoid causing damage.
Fifth, the use of plant growth regulators should be appropriate: plant growth regulators (such as gibberellin, ethephon, paclobutrazol, etc.) if used properly will promote the growth of vegetables, but each regulator has a certain application Conditions and scope, especially to master the time and concentration of use, can not be sloppy, otherwise it will not achieve the effect of increasing vegetable production, and people will be detrimental to their health for a long time.
6. Promote bio-organic compound fertilizers: Bio-fertilizers contain microbial activated bacteria, which are “four-in-one†fertilizers made up of organic fertilizers, inorganic fertilizers, bacterial fertilizers and synergists, which realize the scientific formula of various fertilizers. With complementary advantages and mutual benefits, it is one of the best fertilizers for balanced fertilization of greenhouse vegetables.
7. Apply vegetable-specific fertilizer as much as possible: Promote vegetable-specific compound fertilizer under the premise of formula fertilization. The special fertilizer is determined according to the fertilizer characteristics of different vegetables and the soil fertilization status. The nutrients are more complete, the nutrition is more scientific, the formula is more reasonable, and the pertinence is stronger. After application, the yield and quality of greenhouse vegetables can be significantly improved.
Greenhouse vegetable scientific fertilization technology
If the fertilizer is applied improperly in greenhouse vegetables, it will not only lead to soil compaction, but also cause vegetable fertilizer damage, and it will also cause the nitrate and nitrite content of vegetables to exceed the standard and endanger human health. Therefore, in the greenhouse vegetable production, we must be careful to apply fertilizer and scientific fertilization. Scientific fertilization of greenhouse vegetables should pay attention to the following seven aspects:
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