Peanut nutrition and fertilization

First, the requirements and absorption dynamics of nutrients in peanuts. For every 50 kg of pods produced, peanuts need to absorb about 3-3.4 kg of nitrogen, 0.65-0.7 kg of phosphorus, and 1.45-1.75 kg of potassium. The absorption of major nutrients by peanuts is nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus and calcium. The absorption dynamics of nutrients in different growth stages of peanuts are: the amount of nutrient absorption is small, the flowering period is gradually increased, the pod-forming period is the most, and the maturity period is decreased. The results showed that the nitrogen uptake of peanut seedlings (accounting for the total amount of total absorption during the whole growth period, the same as below) was 4.8%, phosphorus was 5.19%, and potassium was 6.73%; in the flowering period, nitrogen absorption was 17%, phosphorus was 22.64%, and potassium was 22.25%. During the pod-forming period, nitrogen uptake was 48.5%, phosphorus was 49.53%, and potassium was 66.35%. At the maturity stage, nitrogen uptake was 29.7%, phosphorus was 22.64%, and potassium was 4.67%.
Second, the fertilization method. Peanut fertilization should be dominated by organic fertilizers, supplemented by chemical fertilizers; base fertilizers and topdressing supplements; topdressing fertilizers are mainly seedlings, supplemented by flower fertilizers and strong fruit fertilizers; basic principles of combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium .
1. Base fertilizer: The application amount of peanut base fertilizer should generally account for 70% of the total amount of fertilization. It is mainly composed of decomposed organic fertilizer and suitable amount of compound fertilizer. Apply 1500-2000 kg of organic fertilizer to the acre, and 30-40 kg of the compound fertilizer of Hongkang Akang. Combine with the soil before sowing, spread evenly, and simmer after soaking.
2. Topdressing: (1) Seedling stage: The application of fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer in the 3-5 leaf stage has a good effect on promoting early branching and increasing the number of flowers and pods. Generally, 5-6 kg of urea per acre, or 1500-2000 kg of human and animal manure. (2) Flowering and pod-forming period: After the initial flowering, the nutrient absorption increased sharply, but the rhizobium also began to supply peanut nitrogen nutrients continuously, such as excessive nitrogen fertilizer, which may cause the stems and leaves to grow and fall. Therefore, after the flowering, the nitrogen fertilizer is generally not applied, but the main flowering period is combined with the last cultivating and weeding, and the compound fertilizer and the calcium fertilizer are applied. Usually, 10 kg of red Akan series compound fertilizer and 10-20 kg of lime are applied per mu. (3) Fruit pod filling period: In this period, the requirement for phosphorus is increased, and the method of spraying phosphorus outside the root can be adopted, sprayed with 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sprayed once every 7-10 days, and continuously sprayed 2-3 times.
Huaxian Liu Huimin
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