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Although both superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate are chemical phosphates, their chemical composition and physical properties are completely different. The former is white or off-white powder, hygroscopic and corrosive, and the phosphorus content is about 16%-18%. Chemical phosphate fertilizer; the latter is gray or dark green, non-hygroscopic, non-caking, can be stored for a long time, phosphorus content is about 14%-18%, is an alkaline chemical fertilizer, so there is a big difference in use.
First, the soil is suitable for application. Calcium superphosphate is acidic, applied to calcareous and neutral soils, and most of them can produce salts absorbed by crops. When applied to acidic soils, the main component of monocalcium phosphate is free iron and aluminum in soil. The ion exchange reaction forms an insoluble phosphate, so it is particularly required to be mixed with organic fertilizer and applied to a dense root zone to reduce contact with the soil. Calcium, magnesium and phosphorus fertilizers should be applied to slightly acidic or acidic soils, and the effect is best. It is applied as a full layer of base fertilizer to accelerate the release of available phosphorus, which is beneficial to crop absorption and utilization.
Second, the fertilizer effect is fast and slow. Calcium superphosphate is a water-soluble phosphate fertilizer, and the fertilizer effect is fast. It can be used as a base fertilizer, or as an early top dressing or a top dressing. The calcium, magnesium and phosphorus fertilizer is a glutinous soluble phosphate fertilizer, and the fertilizer effect is slow. Under normal circumstances, its application time is preferably 1-2 months earlier than that of superphosphate. It is suitable for one-time application of base fertilizer for root dressing and crop leaves. The surface is not easily absorbed, so the effect is poor. The effective phosphorus phase contained in the two phosphate fertilizers is similar, but the calcium phosphate fertilizer has a slower effect and a longer fertilizer efficiency, so the one-time application rate is 50% higher than that of the superphosphate. An alternative method can be used to increase the utilization rate.
Third, the two kinds of phosphate fertilizers cannot be mixed and applied because of different pH. Calcium phosphate should not be mixed with alkaline fertilizers such as lime and grass ash. Calcium, magnesium and phosphate fertilizers cannot be mixed with acidic fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride to avoid chemical reactions and reduce fertilizer efficiency. Superphosphate contains a large amount of calcium sulfate, which is used to supplement sulfur nutrition in sulfur-deficient soils; calcium-magnesium phosphate has the ability to supply elements such as calcium and silicon, so it is suitable for calcium legumes and silicon. The application of rice and wheat will be better.
Fourth, the storability is different. Calcium superphosphate is easy to absorb moisture and agglomerate, and it is corrosive. If the storage time is long, some water-soluble phosphorus will turn into insoluble phosphorus, and the higher the humidity and temperature, the faster the transformation speed. Calcium, magnesium and phosphate fertilizers do not absorb moisture and agglomerate, and are non-corrosive and resistant to storage. Therefore, it is recommended to use calcium superphosphate for current use. When it is necessary to store phosphate fertilizer, it is advisable to purchase calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.
Rational application of superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate
Calcium superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate are two common phosphate fertilizers. However, when they went to the countryside, they found that blind farming has occurred frequently because many farmers have not fully grasped their characteristics. How to properly apply superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate?
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