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Corn growth demand for fertilizer
Maize is divided into different growth stages from sowing to harvesting. The seedling stage requires less fertilizer, accounting for about 10% of the total fertilizer requirement. The most needed fertilizer in the nursery stage is about 50% of the total fertilizer requirement. Mature The amount of fertilizer needed is about 40% of the total fertilizer requirement. This rule requires sufficient fertilizer supply in the middle and late stages of corn growth. The demand for fertilizer for production is: generally 50 kg of grain per production. It needs to absorb 1.72 kg of pure nitrogen, 0.62 kg of phosphorus and 1.63 kg of potassium. If the hectare production target is 10,000 kg, then it needs to absorb 344 kg of pure nitrogen, absorb 134 kg of pure phosphorus, and absorb 326 kg of pure potassium. This law provides an important reference for scientifically determining the total amount of fertilization, and is an important basis for us to purchase fertilizer.
Type of fertilizer
There are many kinds of fertilizers on the market today. According to the effective ingredients and uses, they can be roughly divided into the following categories:
1, organic fertilizer (such as biological fertilizer)
The active ingredients are nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, trace elements and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. The advantage of this fertilizer is to raise land, long-term use can improve the soil, long-term fertilizer effect, play a role in the whole growth period of corn, improve the utilization rate of Other fertilizers, and also have a certain function of promoting precocity.
2, fertilizer (sub-fertilizer and compound fertilizer)
Elemental fertilizer and urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium hydrogen, ammonium sulfate, potassium fertilizer, etc. The compound fertilizer has nitrogen-phosphorus compound fertilizer such as diammonium, NPK compound fertilizer, and NPK compound fertilizer containing micro-fertilizer. The characteristics of chemical fertilizers are that most of them are quick-acting fertilizers and have a short duration of action. When buying and using compound fertilizers, be sure to find out the amount of active ingredients and the length of time.
3, micro-fertilizer
Fertilizers containing trace elements, such as rare earth micro-fertilizers, zinc fertilizers, and boron fertilizers, have a small amount but a large effect, which can prevent corn deficiency.
How to use fertilizer
Traditional fertilization methods include base fertilizer, mouth fertilizer, top dressing, and foliar fertilizer. However, in the practice of corn production, some farmers have adopted a one-time fertilization method to reduce production costs and reduce labor intensity and labor. There are many shortcomings in the one-time fertilization method. One is that the depth of one fertilization is easily neglected to cause the base fertilizer and the mouth fat to be indifferent; the second is that it is easy to "burn" and "burn seedlings"; the third is that the fertilizer effect is not normal and easy to lose; "De-fertilization." Some farmers do not only apply fertilizer and topdressing, which causes insufficient fertilizer problems and affects production. From the perspective of high yield, traditional fertilization methods are beneficial to increase production. If you must use one-time fertilization, you must pay attention to the following points:
1. Depth 90% of the fertilizer should be applied to the plough layer below 15 cm. If the depth is not enough, it is easy to “burn†and “burnâ€, and it is easy to lose.
2, the amount of sufficient one-time fertilization than the traditional fertilization method with 10% of the amount of fertilizer, to avoid the loss of the total amount of fertilizer caused by the loss of fertilizer and post-fertilization.
3, all ingredients Because it is a one-time fertilization, so the variety and composition of the fertilizer must be comprehensive, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements do everything.
4. Effective period It is necessary to use delayed-acting fertilizers in multiple constituencies for a long period of time to avoid “de-fertilization†at maturity.
5, mouth fertilizer One-time fertilization should also have 10% of the amount of fertilizer to do with the fertilizer, to ensure the amount of fertilizer required for the seedling period, the mouth fertilizer should use quick-acting fertilizer.
6, one-time fertilization is best to have a farm or organic fertilizer as a basis, supplemented by fertilizer, in order to achieve good results.
Fertilizer use
The total amount of fertilizer used is determined by the soil quality and production targets. If you can do soil testing and formula fertilization, it is the most scientific. If you can't do soil testing and formula fertilization, you can only rely on experience. Generally, for many years, the land with good farmland fertility is used. Apply 75-150 kg of diammonium plus 225-300 kg of urea per hectare, 75 kg of potash and moderate amount of medium-micro fertilizer or 45% of NPK per hectare. Mixed fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O is 15-15-15) 400-450 kg plus urea 120-150 kg.
In short, in the production of corn, the choice of fertilizer varieties and fertilization methods are very important. Only when the nutrients of fertilizers are balanced and used properly, can we achieve the goal of high yield and good harvest.
Source: Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology News
Selection and use of high quality corn fertilizer
Fertilizer is the basis of high yield, and scientific and rational fertilizer selection and fertilizer use are the key to high yield. To make scientific fertilizers for corn production, you must understand and master the following knowledge:
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